In 1919 Father James Burns became president of Notre Dame, and in three years he produced an academic revolution that brought the school up to national standards by adopting the elective system and starting the abandonment of the traditional scholastic and classical emphasis. His term was not renewed because of fears he had expanded Notre Dame too quickly and had run the Holy Cross order into serious debt. He tried to transform Notre Dame into a great university, erecting buildings and added to the campus art gallery and library, and amassing what became a famous Dante collection. (1851–1921) became the Holy Cross Provincial for the United States (1896–1906), with overall supervision of the university. Hoynes (1846–1919) was dean of the law school 1883-1919, and when its new building was opened shortly after his death it was renamed in his honor. By 1890, individual residence halls were built to house the increasing number of students. The hall housed multiple classrooms and science labs needed for early research at the university. By 1880, a science program was established at the university, and a Science Hall was built in 1883. Eventually becoming known as Washington Hall, it hosted plays and musical acts put on by the school. Around the time of the fire, a Music Hall was opened. The library collection was also rebuilt and stayed housed in the new Main Building for years afterwards. This Main Building, and the library collection, was destroyed by a fire in April 1879, and rebuilt before the next school year. By 1879 it had grown to ten thousand volumes that were housed in the Main Building. Beginning in 1873, a library collection was started by Father Lemonnier. The original Main Building built by Sorin just after he arrived was replaced by a larger "Main Building" in 1865, which housed the university's administration, classrooms, and dormitories. With each new president, new academic programs were offered and new buildings built to accommodate them. The university was expanded with new buildings to accommodate more students and faculty. The first degrees from the college were awarded in 1849. The University's historic center comprising the Basilica, the Golden Dome and Washington Hall, were built in the early years of the University Other ND teams, chiefly in the Atlantic Coast Conference, have accumulated 16 national championships. The football team, an Independent, has accumulated eleven consensus national championships, seven Heisman Trophy winners, and 62 members in the College Football Hall of Fame. The university's athletic teams are members of the NCAA Division I and are known collectively as the Fighting Irish. It also awards the renowned annual Driehaus Architecture Prize. following the principles of New Urbanism and New Classical Architecture). The university is globally recognized for its Notre Dame School of Architecture, a faculty that teaches (pre-modernist) traditional and classical architecture and urban planning (e.g. Over 80% of the university's 8,000 undergraduates live on campus in one of 29 single-sex residence halls, each of which fields teams for more than a dozen intramural sports, and the university counts approximately 120,000 alumni. The university today is organized into five colleges and one professional school, and its graduate program has 15 master's and 26 doctoral degree programs. The university is consistently ranked one of the top universities in the United States and as a major global university. Notre Dame's Catholic character is reflected in its explicit commitment to the Catholic faith, numerous ministries funded by the school, and the architecture around campus. As of 2013 about 48 percent of the student body was female. The university first enrolled women undergraduates in 1972. It was established as an all-male institution on November 26, 1842, on land donated by the Bishop of Vincennes. Today, many Holy Cross priests continue to work for the university, including as its president. The school was founded by Father Edward Sorin, CSC, who was also its first president. In French, Notre Dame du Lac means "Our Lady of the Lake" and refers to the university's patron saint, the Virgin Mary. The University of Notre Dame du Lac (or simply Notre Dame / ˌ n oʊ t ər ˈ d eɪ m / NOH-tər-DAYM) is a Catholic research university located near South Bend, Indiana, in the United States.
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